What is the Farm Bill?

The “Farm Bill,” as the omnibus package of federal farm and food legislation has come to be known, represents billions of dollars in government expenditures that set the farm, food, and rural policy goals and priorities for the United States. Congress passed the most recent version of the “farm bill,” the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act (H.R. 2419), on May 22, 2008, authorizing $289 billion over the next five years.

Despite its nickname, the “farm” bill is really a “food” and “conservation” bill too.  In the simplest terms, the farm bill has a tremendous impact on farming livelihoods, how food is grown, and what kinds of foods are grown. This in turn affects the environment, local economies, and public health. These are some pretty good reasons to become involved in advocating for a farm bill that supports health and sustainability!

The following are the titles (or chapters) of the 2008 Farm Bill:

Title I – Commodity Programs

Title II – Conservation

Title III – Trade

Title IV – Nutrition

Title V – Credit

Title VI – Rural Development

Title VII – Research

Title VIII – Forestry

Title IX – Energy

Title X – Horticulture and Organic Agriculture

Title XI – Livestock

Title XII – Crop Insurance

Title XIII – Commodity Futures

Title XIV – Miscellaneous

Title XV – Trade and Tax Provisions

The order and total number of farm bill titles varies from bill to bill.

For more information on the steps of the farm bill process, find out how a bill becomes a law.

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